Vitamin D Deficiency, Rickets, and Hypervitaminosis D: Causes, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management
Treatment and Management of Rickets
Rickets is a disorder caused by Vitamin D deficiency, leading to defective bone mineralization. Management involves Vitamin D supplementation, dietary adjustments, and adequate sunlight exposure.
Vitamin D Deficiency, Rickets, and Hypervitaminosis D: Causes, Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Management
Treatment and Management of Rickets
Rickets is a condition characterized by defective bone mineralization due to Vitamin D deficiency, resulting in skeletal deformities and growth retardation.
Causes of Rickets
- Vitamin D deficiency due to inadequate sunlight exposure
- Malabsorption disorders affecting Vitamin D absorption
- Renal and hepatic diseases impairing Vitamin D metabolism
Clinical Features
- Bone pain and tenderness
- Delayed growth and skeletal deformities
- Fractures due to weakened bones
Diagnosis
Diagnosis is based on clinical assessment, serum Vitamin D levels, calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase tests, along with radiographic findings showing characteristic bone deformities.
Management and Treatment
Vitamin D Supplementation
Therapeutic doses of Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) are administered based on severity:
- Oral Vitamin D for mild cases
- Intramuscular Vitamin D for severe deficiency
Dietary Adjustments
- Increased dietary intake of Vitamin D-rich foods (fish, eggs, fortified milk)
- Ensuring adequate calcium and phosphorus levels through supplements
Sunlight Exposure
Regular exposure to sunlight enhances natural Vitamin D synthesis.
Monitoring and Follow-up
Periodic assessment of serum Vitamin D and calcium levels ensures optimal therapeutic response.
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