Vitamin C Deficiency (Scurvy): Etiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management
Etiology of Vitamin C Deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency, or scurvy, is caused by inadequate intake, malabsorption, or increased nutritional requirements. Symptoms include bleeding gums, fatigue, and joint pain. Treatment involves supplementation and dietary adjustments.
Vitamin C Deficiency (Scurvy): Etiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management
Etiology of Vitamin C Deficiency
Vitamin C deficiency, commonly known as scurvy, results from inadequate intake or absorption of ascorbic acid. This essential nutrient is crucial for collagen synthesis, antioxidant defense, and immune function.
Causes
- Dietary Deficiency: Lack of vitamin C-rich foods such as citrus fruits, strawberries, and leafy greens.
- Malabsorption Disorders: Conditions like Crohn’s disease and celiac disease can impair absorption.
- Increased Requirement: Pregnant and lactating women, smokers, and individuals under extreme stress require higher vitamin C intake.
- Chronic Illness: Disorders such as renal disease or alcoholism contribute to deficiency.
Clinical Manifestations
Symptoms include bleeding gums, fatigue, delayed wound healing, petechiae, and joint pain.
Diagnosis
Blood tests measuring plasma vitamin C levels are commonly used for diagnosis.
Therapeutic Management
Vitamin C supplementation through diet and medication is the primary treatment.
Prevention
A well-balanced diet rich in vitamin C ensures adequate levels and prevents deficiency.
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