Vitamin C Deficiency (Scurvy): Etiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management
Clinical Manifestations of Scurvy
Scurvy is a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency, leading to symptoms like fatigue, bleeding gums, and joint pain. Early diagnosis and proper dietary intake can effectively manage and prevent the condition.
Vitamin C Deficiency (Scurvy): Etiology, Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis, and Therapeutic Management
Introduction
Vitamin C deficiency, also known as scurvy, is a condition resulting from inadequate intake of ascorbic acid. It leads to impaired collagen synthesis, resulting in a range of systemic manifestations.
Etiology
Scurvy occurs due to prolonged vitamin C deficiency, often seen in individuals with poor dietary intake, alcoholism, mental health disorders, or malabsorption syndromes.
Clinical Manifestations
Early Symptoms
- Fatigue
- Malaise
- Loss of appetite
Advanced Symptoms
- Swollen, bleeding gums
- Petechiae and purpura
- Joint pain and swelling
- Poor wound healing
- Anemia
Diagnosis
Scurvy is diagnosed based on clinical presentation, dietary history, and laboratory findings such as low plasma vitamin C levels.
Therapeutic Management
Dietary Recommendations
- Increasing intake of citrus fruits, bell peppers, and leafy greens
- Ensuring sufficient daily vitamin C intake (Recommended daily allowance varies by age and gender)
Medical Treatment
Patients with scurvy benefit from vitamin C supplementation, typically 100-300 mg daily, with rapid symptom resolution.
Conclusion
Vitamin C deficiency remains a preventable condition with adequate dietary intake and awareness. Prompt recognition and treatment ensure full recovery.
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