Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): Use of Medications in Resuscitation

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving procedure performed in cases of cardiac arrest. While chest compressions and ventilation are the cornerstone of resuscitation, medications play a crucial role in optimizing patient outcomes.

Key Medications Used in CPR

1. Epinephrine

Epinephrine is the primary drug used during CPR. It functions as a vasopressor, improving coronary and cerebral perfusion by increasing systemic vascular resistance.

2. Amiodarone

Amiodarone is used in cases of refractory ventricular fibrillation or pulseless ventricular tachycardia, helping to restore a stable cardiac rhythm.

3. Lidocaine

Lidocaine is an alternative antiarrhythmic agent used in cases where amiodarone is unavailable or contraindicated.

4. Atropine

Atropine was historically used for asystole and bradycardia but is no longer recommended for cardiac arrest management.

Advanced Resuscitation Strategies

• Vasopressors: Medications like epinephrine and vasopressin help improve systemic circulation.
• Antiarrhythmics: Drugs such as amiodarone and lidocaine contribute to arrhythmia control.
• Post-Resuscitation Care: Strategies include targeted temperature management and continuous hemodynamic support.

Medications complement high-quality CPR efforts, but timely intervention and correct dosing are essential for patient survival.