Definition and Classification of Obstructive Airway Diseases

Obstructive airway diseases are respiratory conditions characterized by airflow limitation, often leading to breathing difficulties.

Types of Obstructive Airway Diseases

• COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease): A progressive disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
• Asthma: A chronic inflammatory disorder that causes airway hyperresponsiveness and recurrent episodes of wheezing.
• Bronchiectasis: A condition marked by permanent dilation of the bronchi, leading to mucus buildup and recurrent infections.

Causes and Risk Factors

Common causes include smoking, exposure to environmental pollutants, and genetic predisposition.

Symptoms

• Shortness of breath
• Chronic cough
• Wheezing
• Excess mucus production

Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis involves pulmonary function tests, imaging, and medical history evaluation. Treatment includes bronchodilators, corticosteroids, lifestyle modifications, and oxygen therapy.