Chronic Inflammation and Granulomatous Inflammation

Understanding Chronic Inflammation

Chronic inflammation is a prolonged inflammatory response that can lead to tissue damage and fibrosis. It arises due to persistent infections, autoimmune diseases, or prolonged exposure to harmful agents.

Granulomatous Inflammation: A Subtype of Chronic Inflammation

Granulomatous inflammation is a distinct type of chronic inflammation characterized by the formation of granulomas—localized collections of modified macrophages.

Types of Granulomas: Caseating vs. Non-Caseating

• Caseating Granulomas: These granulomas have central necrosis, commonly seen in tuberculosis.
• Non-Caseating Granulomas: These granulomas lack necrosis and are frequently associated with conditions like sarcoidosis.

Causes and Pathogenesis

Granulomas form due to chronic immune responses against persistent pathogens (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis) or non-infectious triggers (e.g., foreign bodies, autoimmune reactions).

Clinical Relevance

Understanding the type of granuloma helps in diagnosing the underlying disease and formulating treatment strategies, such as corticosteroids for immune-mediated granulomas.