Tuberculosis Management According to National Guidelines
First-Line and Second-Line Anti-Tubercular Drugs
This blog post provides a detailed overview of tuberculosis management based on national guidelines, covering first-line and second-line anti-tubercular drugs and treatment protocols.
Tuberculosis Management According to National Guidelines
Introduction
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge. Understanding the pharmacological management based on national guidelines is critical for effective treatment.
First-Line Anti-Tubercular Drugs
- Isoniazid (INH) - Bactericidal; inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.
- Rifampicin (RIF) - Blocks bacterial RNA synthesis.
- Pyrazinamide (PZA) - Targets bacterial energy metabolism.
- Ethambutol (EMB) - Inhibits arabinosyl transferase, impairing cell wall synthesis.
Second-Line Anti-Tubercular Drugs
- Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin) - DNA gyrase inhibitors.
- Aminoglycosides (Amikacin, Streptomycin) - Protein synthesis inhibitors.
- Cycloserine - Affects bacterial cell wall synthesis.
- Linezolid - Blocks protein synthesis.
Treatment Protocols
National guidelines recommend a standardized regimen for drug-susceptible TB and MDR-TB. First-line treatment consists of a 6-month course with an intensive and continuation phase.
Conclusion
Early diagnosis and adherence to treatment protocols are crucial in TB management. Continuous research and improvements in drug regimens are vital for controlling TB globally.
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