Toxicology of Thyroid Medications and Treatments
Toxic effects of antithyroid drugs such as methimazole and propylthiouracil
Antithyroid drugs like methimazole and propylthiouracil can cause toxic effects, including hepatotoxicity and agranulocytosis. Proper monitoring and alternative treatment options help mitigate risks.
Toxicology of Thyroid Medications and Treatments
Toxic Effects of Antithyroid Drugs
Antithyroid medications such as methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU) are commonly used to manage hyperthyroidism. While effective, these drugs may lead to adverse effects ranging from mild to severe toxicity.
Methimazole Toxicity
Methimazole is associated with agranulocytosis, hepatotoxicity, and teratogenic effects. Symptoms of toxicity include fever, sore throat, and signs of liver dysfunction.
Propylthiouracil Toxicity
PTU toxicity can manifest as hepatotoxicity, vasculitis, and nephritis. Severe cases may progress to fulminant hepatic failure, necessitating liver transplantation.
Management and Prevention
- Regular blood count and liver function monitoring.
- Immediate discontinuation if signs of toxicity appear.
- Alternative treatments such as radioactive iodine therapy or surgery in severe cases.
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