Subdivisions of the Cranial Cavity, Foramina, and Structures Passing Through Them

The human skull is a complex structure composed of multiple bones, cavities, and foramina that allow the passage of vital structures such as nerves and blood vessels...

Cranial Foramina: Types and Locations

Cranial foramina are openings in the skull that serve as passageways for neurovascular structures...

• Foramen Magnum: Largest opening at the skull base, allowing passage of the spinal cord.
• Jugular Foramen: Located posterior to the carotid canal, transmitting the internal jugular vein and cranial nerves IX, X, and XI.
• Optic Canal: Allows the optic nerve (CN II) and ophthalmic artery to pass into the orbit.
• Foramen Ovale: Transmits the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3).
• Foramen Rotundum: Passage for the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V2).
• Internal Acoustic Meatus: Allows passage of CN VII and CN VIII.

Functional Importance of Cranial Foramina

These foramina play a crucial role in neurovascular communication between the brain and peripheral structures...