Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Classification & Uses

Skeletal muscle relaxants are medications that help reduce muscle spasms and improve mobility in various neuromuscular conditions.

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

1. Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants

These act on the central nervous system (CNS) and are primarily used to relieve muscle spasms associated with musculoskeletal conditions.

• Carisoprodol
• Cyclobenzaprine
• Baclofen
• Tizanidine

2. Peripherally Acting Muscle Relaxants

These target the neuromuscular junction and are often used in surgical settings to induce muscle paralysis.

• Dantrolene
• Neuromuscular blocking agents (e.g., Rocuronium, Vecuronium)

Mechanism of Action

Centrally acting muscle relaxants modulate neurotransmission in the CNS, while peripherally acting agents interfere with acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.

Indications

Skeletal muscle relaxants are prescribed for:

• Acute muscle spasms
• Spasticity in neurological disorders
• Muscle relaxation during surgery

Side Effects & Precautions

Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, and dry mouth. Long-term use may cause dependence.

Conclusion

Skeletal muscle relaxants play a vital role in managing muscle disorders. Proper usage and medical supervision are necessary to ensure safety and efficacy.