Renal Function Tests
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and Its Measurement
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a crucial renal function test that helps assess kidney health. It can be measured directly or estimated using serum creatinine levels.
Renal Function Tests: Understanding Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR)
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) is a key indicator of kidney function, reflecting the rate at which blood is filtered by the glomeruli. It plays a crucial role in diagnosing and managing kidney disease.
What is GFR?
GFR measures the amount of filtrate produced by the kidneys per unit time. It is typically expressed in milliliters per minute (mL/min). A normal GFR ranges from 90 to 120 mL/min/1.73 m².
Methods of Measuring GFR
- Direct Measurement: Requires infusion of exogenous substances like inulin, which is completely filtered by the kidneys without reabsorption.
- Estimated GFR (eGFR): Uses serum creatinine levels, age, gender, and race to estimate kidney function.
- Cystatin C-based eGFR: Provides an alternative to creatinine-based measurements, improving accuracy in certain conditions.
Clinical Significance of GFR
A decreased GFR can indicate chronic kidney disease (CKD), prompting early intervention to prevent progression. Higher GFR values may occur in conditions like pregnancy but are rarely a concern.
Conclusion
Assessing GFR is vital in understanding renal health, guiding treatment decisions, and monitoring disease progression.
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