Proper Technique for Urinary Catheterization

Indications for Urinary Catheterization

Urinary catheterization is a common medical procedure used in obstetrics and gynecology to manage urinary retention, monitor urine output, and assist in surgical procedures. Proper technique is essential to minimize complications such as infections and trauma.

Types of Urinary Catheters

• Indwelling (Foley) Catheter: Used for long-term drainage.
• Intermittent Catheter: Used for short-term relief of urinary retention.
• Suprapubic Catheter: Inserted through the abdominal wall for long-term use.

Step-by-Step Catheterization Procedure

Preparation

• Ensure aseptic technique.
• Gather necessary supplies (sterile gloves, catheter, lubricant, antiseptic solution).
• Explain the procedure to the patient and obtain consent.

Insertion Technique

1. Position the patient appropriately (dorsal lithotomy for females).
2. Clean the urethral opening with antiseptic solution.
3. Lubricate the catheter tip.
4. Gently insert the catheter until urine flows.
5. Inflate the balloon (if using an indwelling catheter).
6. Secure the catheter and connect it to the drainage bag.

Complications and Prevention

• Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs): Maintain sterile technique and ensure proper hygiene.
• Urethral Trauma: Use appropriate catheter size and avoid forceful insertion.
• Blockage: Regularly assess catheter function and flush if necessary.

Post-Catheterization Care

• Monitor urine output and signs of infection.
• Educate the patient on catheter care.
• Remove the catheter as soon as clinically indicated.