Prevalence of Oral Cancer and Common Types Affecting Oral Tissues

Oral cancer is a major global health concern, affecting thousands of individuals each year. It primarily impacts the lips, tongue, cheeks, gums, floor of the mouth, and palate. Due to its asymptomatic nature in the early stages, diagnosis often occurs in advanced stages, leading to complex treatment approaches.

Common Types of Oral Cancer

• Squamous Cell Carcinoma: The most prevalent form, originating from the epithelial cells lining the oral cavity.
• Verrucous Carcinoma: A slow-growing cancer with a wart-like appearance.
• Minor Salivary Gland Carcinomas: Affecting glands within the oral cavity.
• Lymphomas: Involves lymphoid tissues within the mouth.

Treatment Modalities and Prognosis

Treatment strategies for oral cancer depend on the type, stage, and location. Common interventions include:

• Surgical Excision: Removal of cancerous tissue.
• Radiotherapy: Targeted radiation to destroy cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy: Drug-based treatment to inhibit cancer growth.
• Targeted Therapy: Molecular agents designed to disrupt cancer proliferation.

Early detection significantly improves prognosis, with localized cases having higher survival rates. Preventative measures such as avoiding tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption, maintaining oral hygiene, and regular screenings can reduce incidence rates.