Posterior Triangle of the Neck

Introduction

The posterior triangle of the neck is a significant anatomical region that houses several important muscular structures and neurovascular components. Understanding its composition aids medical professionals in diagnostics and surgical interventions.

Anatomical Boundaries

• Anterior Boundary: Sternocleidomastoid muscle
• Posterior Boundary: Trapezius muscle
• Inferior Boundary: Clavicle

Muscular Structures within the Triangle

Sternocleidomastoid Muscle

A key landmark in the posterior triangle, the sternocleidomastoid aids in head rotation and flexion.

Trapezius Muscle

Responsible for movements of the scapula and upper limb, the trapezius forms the posterior boundary.

Scalene Muscles

These muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior) assist in respiration and neck flexion.

Omohyoid Muscle

Divided into superior and inferior bellies, this muscle plays a role in stabilizing the hyoid bone.

Clinical Significance

The posterior triangle is often evaluated in trauma cases and surgical procedures involving lymph node dissection and neurovascular access.

Conclusion

Knowledge of the posterior triangle's muscular structures is essential for medical professionals involved in head and neck treatments.