Physiological Effects of Rheumatic Fever
Pathophysiology of Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease caused by untreated streptococcal infections, affecting the heart, joints, and nervous system. Early diagnosis and management can prevent long-term complications.
Physiological Effects of Rheumatic Fever
Pathophysiology of Rheumatic Fever
Rheumatic fever (RF) is an inflammatory disease that results from an untreated streptococcal infection. It primarily affects the heart, joints, skin, and central nervous system, leading to significant physiological complications.
Pathogenesis of Rheumatic Fever
The condition occurs due to an autoimmune response triggered by molecular mimicry between streptococcal antigens and host tissues, particularly those in the heart.
Physiological Impact on the Heart
- Development of rheumatic heart disease (RHD), causing chronic valvular abnormalities.
- Inflammation of heart tissues, leading to myocarditis and pericarditis.
- Mitral and aortic valve regurgitation due to fibrosis and scarring.
Effects on Joints
Rheumatic fever leads to polyarthritis, affecting multiple joints with severe pain and swelling.
Neurological Manifestations
Sydenham’s chorea, a neurological disorder, results from autoimmune attack on basal ganglia neurons, causing uncontrolled movements.
Other Physiological Effects
The condition may also cause erythema marginatum (skin rash) and subcutaneous nodules.
Prevention and Management
Early diagnosis and antibiotic therapy are crucial in preventing long-term complications. Anti-inflammatory medications and cardiac monitoring are essential for disease management.
Tags
Recommended Reads
Explore related articles that might interest you
Pathophysiology of Shock: Classification, Mechanisms, and Principles of Resuscitation
Pathophysiology of Burns
Physiological Mechanisms of Infective Endocarditis
Hematology
Enumeration of cranial nerve nuclei in the medulla oblongata and their functional classification
Anatomical Basis of Cerebellar Dysfunction
