Pharmacological Agents Used in Skin Disorders

Retinoids – Role in Acne and Psoriasis Treatment

Retinoids are a class of compounds derived from vitamin A that play a crucial role in dermatology. They are widely used in the treatment of acne and psoriasis due to their ability to regulate skin cell turnover.

Understanding Retinoids

Retinoids include tretinoin, adapalene, isotretinoin, and tazarotene, which act by modulating gene expression and reducing inflammation.

Mechanism of Action

• Acne Treatment: Retinoids help prevent comedone formation by normalizing follicular keratinization.
• Psoriasis Management: They inhibit keratinocyte proliferation and suppress inflammation, reducing plaque formation.

Common Side Effects

• Skin irritation and peeling
• Photosensitivity
• Dryness and redness

Clinical Usage & Guidelines

Topical retinoids are commonly prescribed for mild to moderate acne, while systemic retinoids like isotretinoin are used for severe cases. In psoriasis, tazarotene is frequently utilized alongside corticosteroids.

Conclusion

Retinoids remain a cornerstone in dermatological therapy, offering effective management of acne and psoriasis. Patients should follow medical advice to minimize adverse effects and achieve optimal results.