Perineal Body: Structure and Function

The perineal body is a crucial fibromuscular structure in the perineum, providing support for the pelvic floor and serving as an attachment site for several muscles.

Muscles Attached to the Perineal Body

Various muscles attach to the perineal body, contributing to its function and integrity.

1. Bulbospongiosus

This muscle plays a role in supporting the perineal body and is involved in functions related to urination and ejaculation in males and vaginal constriction in females.

2. Superficial Transverse Perineal Muscle

Provides stabilization to the perineal body and assists in maintaining perineal support.

3. Deep Transverse Perineal Muscle

Helps reinforce the pelvic floor and supports the perineal body during various activities.

4. External Anal Sphincter

Essential for voluntary control over defecation, anchoring itself to the perineal body.

5. Levator Ani (Puborectalis, Pubococcygeus, Iliococcygeus)

Crucial for pelvic floor integrity, assisting in organ support and continence.

Function of the Perineal Body

The perineal body plays a significant role in pelvic stability, supporting the reproductive, urinary, and digestive systems. Its integrity is essential for preventing conditions such as pelvic organ prolapse.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the perineal body, especially during childbirth, can lead to complications such as perineal tears or pelvic floor dysfunction.