Perineal Body: Structure and Function

Introduction

The perineal body is a critical anatomical structure located in the perineum. It serves as the central support point for several muscles essential in maintaining pelvic stability and function.

Structure of the Perineal Body

The perineal body is a fibromuscular mass found at the midpoint of the perineum. It is composed of dense connective tissue and interlacing fibers from several muscles, including:

• External anal sphincter
• Bulbospongiosus muscle
• Superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles
• Levator ani

Function of the Perineal Body

The perineal body plays an essential role in pelvic floor integrity. It provides:

• Support for pelvic organs
• Stability for the perineal muscles
• Assistance in maintaining continence

Clinical Significance and Disorders

Damage to the perineal body can result in significant clinical complications, including:

• Pelvic organ prolapse
• Fecal or urinary incontinence
• Perineal tears during childbirth

Reconstructive surgical techniques such as perineorrhaphy may be necessary to restore its function.