Perform and Identify ABO and Rh Blood Grouping

Blood grouping is a crucial test in pathology that helps in transfusion medicine, organ transplantation, and forensic science.

Methodology of ABO Blood Grouping

Forward Grouping

Forward grouping involves testing a patient’s red blood cells against known anti-A and anti-B antibodies. The agglutination reaction determines the presence of specific antigens.

Reverse Grouping

Reverse grouping checks the patient's serum against known A and B red blood cells. This method verifies the results of forward grouping.

Rh Blood Grouping

The Rh factor is determined using anti-D serum. If agglutination occurs, the individual is Rh-positive; otherwise, they are Rh-negative.

Importance of Blood Grouping

• Prevents transfusion reactions
• Essential for safe organ transplantation
• Aids in forensic investigations

Accurate blood grouping is vital for medical procedures and patient safety.