Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity Reactions
Overview of hypersensitivity reactions and their classification
Hypersensitivity reactions are classified into four types based on their immune mechanisms, leading to conditions such as allergies, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory disorders.
Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity Reactions
Overview
Hypersensitivity reactions are exaggerated immune responses that can lead to tissue damage. These reactions are classified into four types based on their immunological mechanisms.
Classification of Hypersensitivity Reactions
Type I: Immediate Hypersensitivity
Type I hypersensitivity involves IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation, leading to allergic conditions such as anaphylaxis, asthma, and hay fever.
Type II: Cytotoxic Hypersensitivity
In Type II hypersensitivity, antibodies target cell surface antigens, resulting in cell destruction via complement activation or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.
Type III: Immune Complex-Mediated Hypersensitivity
Type III hypersensitivity occurs when immune complexes deposit in tissues, triggering inflammation and diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.
Type IV: Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
Type IV hypersensitivity is mediated by T cells, leading to cellular damage and conditions such as contact dermatitis and tuberculosis.
Clinical Implications
Understanding hypersensitivity reactions is crucial for diagnosing and managing allergic and autoimmune diseases effectively.
Tags
Recommended Reads
Explore related articles that might interest you
Antigens and Vaccine Development
Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity Reactions
General Microbiology and Immunology
Epidemiology, microbiology, immunology, and clinical progression of viral hepatitis
Epidemiology, microbiology, immunology, and clinical progression of viral hepatitis
Mechanisms of Hypersensitivity Reactions
