Morphology, Anatomical Relations, and Nerve Supply of the Submandibular Salivary Gland and Submandibular Ganglion

Introduction

The submandibular salivary gland is a crucial component of the human oral system, responsible for producing saliva essential for digestion and oral health.

Morphological Features of the Submandibular Salivary Gland

• Location: Situated in the submandibular triangle of the neck.
• Size and Shape: Approximately 12-15 grams, elongated and lobulated.
• Duct System: Wharton’s duct facilitates saliva transport.

Anatomical Relations

The submandibular gland maintains close relationships with various anatomical structures:

• Superior: Mandible and mylohyoid muscle.
• Inferior: Hyoid bone.
• Medial: Hypoglossal nerve and lingual nerve.

Nerve Supply

The gland is innervated primarily by autonomic fibers originating from the submandibular ganglion:

• Parasympathetic: Cholinergic fibers via the facial nerve (VII).
• Sympathetic: Fibers from the superior cervical ganglion.

Conclusion

Understanding the morphology and anatomical relationships of the submandibular salivary gland provides critical insights into its functional and clinical significance.