Lower Motor Neuron Lesion: Definition and Characteristics

Introduction

Lower Motor Neuron (LMN) lesions affect the neurons that directly connect to muscles, leading to specific signs and symptoms.

Definition

LMN lesions occur when the lower motor neurons in the spinal cord or brainstem are damaged, disrupting voluntary muscle movement.

Causes

• Peripheral nerve injury
• Poliomyelitis
• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Spinal cord trauma

Characteristics

• Flaccid paralysis
• Loss of reflexes
• Muscle atrophy
• Fasciculations

Diagnosis

Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies are used for diagnosis.

Treatment

Management includes physiotherapy, medications, and sometimes surgical intervention.