Laboratory Tests for Diagnosing Diabetes and Its Complications

Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) Test

The Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) test is a crucial diagnostic tool for detecting diabetes and assessing its complications. It measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast, providing valuable insights into a patient's metabolic health.

What is the FPG Test?

The FPG test evaluates the concentration of glucose in the plasma after at least 8 hours of fasting. It is commonly used to diagnose diabetes and prediabetes.

Why is the FPG Test Important?

• Helps diagnose diabetes and prediabetes
• Monitors blood glucose levels in diabetic patients
• Assists in assessing the risk of diabetes-related complications

How is the Test Conducted?

1. The patient fasts for at least 8 hours.
2. A blood sample is drawn from a vein.
3. The sample is analyzed for glucose concentration.

Interpreting FPG Test Results

Glucose Level (mg/dL)	Diagnosis
<100	Normal
100-125	Prediabetes
>126	Diabetes

Limitations of the FPG Test

While the FPG test is effective, it may not detect all cases of diabetes. Additional tests, such as the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) or Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test, may be required for a comprehensive diagnosis.

Conclusion

The FPG test is a fundamental tool in diabetes diagnosis and management. Regular screening, especially for individuals at risk, can help in early detection and effective treatment.