Intrauterine Growth Restriction
Clinical Diagnosis and Evaluation
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) is a condition where a fetus fails to achieve its expected growth, leading to increased health risks. Early diagnosis and appropriate clinical evaluation are essential for optimal pregnancy outcomes.
Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Clinical Diagnosis and Evaluation
Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR) refers to a condition in which a fetus fails to reach its expected growth potential. It is associated with increased risks of perinatal morbidity and mortality, making accurate clinical diagnosis crucial.
Causes and Risk Factors
- Placental insufficiency
- Genetic abnormalities
- Maternal hypertension
- Infections (e.g., TORCH infections)
- Smoking, alcohol, and substance abuse
Clinical Diagnosis
Diagnosis of IUGR is based on various clinical evaluations:
- Fundal height measurement: Discrepancy in gestational age assessment.
- Ultrasound biometry: Fetal weight estimation and growth assessment.
- Doppler ultrasound: Evaluation of fetal blood flow to assess placental function.
Evaluation and Management
Once diagnosed, management strategies include:
- Serial ultrasound monitoring
- Doppler velocimetry to assess fetal well-being
- Maternal nutritional support
- Timing of delivery based on fetal health indicators
Conclusion
Intrauterine Growth Restriction requires careful monitoring and intervention to optimize fetal outcomes. Early diagnosis and management play a critical role in preventing complications.
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