Interpreting the Mantoux Test
Procedure and Administration of the Mantoux Test
The Mantoux test is a widely used diagnostic tool for detecting tuberculosis infection. This article explains its procedure, administration, and result interpretation.
Interpreting the Mantoux Test
Introduction
The Mantoux test, also known as the tuberculin skin test (TST), is a diagnostic tool used to detect latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The test involves the intradermal injection of purified protein derivative (PPD) and the measurement of skin reaction.
Procedure and Administration
Preparation
- Ensure the patient has no contraindications to the test.
- Use a standardized tuberculin syringe for administration.
- Clean the injection site (forearm) with an alcohol swab.
Injection Process
Inject 0.1 mL of PPD tuberculin intradermally into the volar surface of the forearm. A small wheal should form, indicating correct administration.
Interpretation of Results
Results are read 48-72 hours post-administration, measuring the diameter of the induration.
Induration Measurement Guide
| Induration Size | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| ≥5 mm | Positive in high-risk individuals (e.g., HIV-positive patients) |
| ≥10 mm | Positive in moderate-risk individuals (e.g., healthcare workers) |
| ≥15 mm | Positive in low-risk individuals |
Clinical Significance
The Mantoux test is a valuable screening tool, but false positives and negatives can occur. Further testing such as chest X-rays and sputum analysis may be required.
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