Indications for Splenectomy and Associated Precautions

Introduction

Splenectomy, the surgical removal of the spleen, is performed in cases where the spleen poses a risk to a patient's health due to disease, trauma, or hematologic conditions.

Indications for Splenectomy

• Hereditary spherocytosis
• Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
• Splenic trauma
• Hypersplenism
• Splenic abscesses
• Certain hematologic malignancies

Precautions and Post-Surgical Care

After splenectomy, patients are more susceptible to infections. Vaccinations, prophylactic antibiotics, and regular follow-up are critical.

Risks and Complications

Possible complications include:

• Increased risk of infections, especially pneumococcal and meningococcal infections
• Post-splenectomy sepsis syndrome
• Blood clot formation
• Long-term immune system alterations

Conclusion

Splenectomy should be considered carefully, and patients must follow precautionary measures to mitigate associated risks.