Indications for Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients

Enteral Nutrition: Definition, Benefits, and Indications

Enteral nutrition (EN) refers to the delivery of nutrients directly into the gastrointestinal tract via tubes. It is preferred when the patient has a functioning gut but cannot consume food orally.

Benefits of Enteral Nutrition

• Preserves gut integrity
• Enhances immune function
• Reduces infection risks

Indications for Enteral Nutrition

• Neurological disorders affecting swallowing
• Post-operative care
• Severe burns and trauma patients

Parenteral Nutrition: Definition, Benefits, and Indications

Parenteral nutrition (PN) provides nutrients intravenously and is used when enteral feeding is not feasible.

Benefits of Parenteral Nutrition

• Ensures complete nutrient delivery
• Useful in gastrointestinal disorders
• Supports critically ill patients

Indications for Parenteral Nutrition

• Intestinal failure
• Severe malabsorption
• Non-functional gut

Early initiation of nutrition therapy enhances recovery and prevents complications in critically ill patients.