Therapeutic Approaches for Thyrotoxicosis: Indications for Thionamide Therapy, Radioiodine Therapy, and Surgery
Indications and Mechanism of Action of Thionamide Therapy in Thyrotoxicosis
Thionamide therapy remains a cornerstone in managing thyrotoxicosis by inhibiting thyroid hormone synthesis. Alternative approaches, including radioiodine therapy and surgical intervention, may be required for select patients.
Therapeutic Approaches for Thyrotoxicosis
Indications for Thionamide Therapy
Thionamides, including methimazole and propylthiouracil, are the primary pharmacological agents for treating thyrotoxicosis. These drugs inhibit thyroid hormone synthesis by blocking thyroid peroxidase, reducing hormone production.
Mechanism of Action of Thionamides
Thionamides function by interfering with iodination and coupling processes in thyroid hormone biosynthesis. Methimazole is preferred due to its longer half-life and once-daily dosing regimen.
Alternative Treatments: Radioiodine and Surgery
For patients unresponsive to thionamide therapy, radioiodine ablation or thyroidectomy may be considered. Radioiodine therapy selectively destroys hyperactive thyroid tissue, while surgery is reserved for refractory cases.
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