Hodgkin Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Clinical Presentation and Symptoms
Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma are types of lymphatic malignancies with distinct pathological features and clinical presentations. Early detection and appropriate treatment are key to improving patient outcomes.
Hodgkin Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Clinical Presentation and Symptoms
Lymphomas are malignancies of the lymphatic system and can be categorized into Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). While both share common characteristics, they differ in pathology, prognosis, and treatment approaches.
Key Differences Between HL and NHL
- HL is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells, while NHL lacks these distinctive cells.
- NHL is more common than HL and can present with various histological subtypes.
- HL is often associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection, whereas NHL has diverse etiologies.
Clinical Symptoms
Both types of lymphoma present with overlapping symptoms, including:
- Painless lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes, typically in the neck, axilla, or groin)
- Unexplained weight loss
- Persistent fatigue
- Night sweats and fever
- Pruritus (itching without rash)
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis is established via lymph node biopsy, followed by immunohistochemical staining and imaging studies such as CT and PET scans.
Treatment modalities include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy. HL generally has a better prognosis with appropriate treatment.
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