Histology: Structure and Function of Epithelial Tissue

Epithelial tissue is one of the four fundamental types of tissues in the human body, playing a crucial role in protection, absorption, secretion, and sensation.

Types of Epithelial Tissue

• Simple Epithelium: Single layer of cells specialized for absorption and filtration.
• Stratified Epithelium: Multiple layers for protection against wear and tear.
• Pseudostratified Epithelium: Appears layered but is actually a single layer.
• Transitional Epithelium: Found in organs like the bladder, able to stretch and accommodate volume changes.

Functions of Epithelial Tissue

• Protection: Forms a barrier against mechanical and chemical damage.
• Absorption: Nutrients are absorbed in organs like the intestines.
• Secretion: Glands release hormones and enzymes.
• Sensation: Contains nerve endings for sensory input.

Common Disorders

• Cancer: Uncontrolled growth of epithelial cells (e.g., carcinoma).
• Inflammatory Diseases: Conditions like dermatitis affect epithelial integrity.