Gastrointestinal and Endocrine Drug Toxicity: Insulin Poisoning

Treatment and Management Strategies

Insulin poisoning is a serious medical condition that occurs when excessive insulin is introduced into the body, leading to hypoglycemia. If untreated, severe cases can result in neuroglycopenia, seizures, or even death.

Causes and Risk Factors

Insulin poisoning can occur due to accidental overdose, intentional overdose, or inappropriate medical administration. Common risk factors include:

• Diabetic patients miscalculating insulin dosage
• Suicidal ingestion
• Medication errors

Clinical Presentation

Symptoms of insulin poisoning arise due to low blood glucose levels:

• Confusion and dizziness
• Tremors and sweating
• Seizures and loss of consciousness

Treatment and Management Strategies

Immediate management of insulin poisoning involves restoring normal blood glucose levels:

• Administration of oral glucose in mild cases
• Intravenous dextrose infusion in severe cases
• Glucagon injection for patients unable to take oral glucose

Forensic Implications

In cases of intentional insulin overdose, forensic toxicologists analyze blood and insulin levels to determine causation. The medico-legal aspects of insulin poisoning require thorough investigation, especially in suspected homicide cases.

Conclusion

Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are crucial in insulin poisoning cases. Public awareness and healthcare education play a vital role in preventing medication errors and misuse.