Extent, anatomical relations, tributaries, and clinical significance of the thoracic duct
Tributaries and lymphatic drainage associated with the thoracic duct
The thoracic duct is the body's largest lymphatic vessel, draining fluid from major anatomical regions into systemic circulation.
Extent, Anatomical Relations, Tributaries, and Clinical Significance of the Thoracic Duct
The thoracic duct is the largest lymphatic vessel in the human body, responsible for transporting lymph from the lower limbs, abdomen, and left thoracic region into systemic circulation.
Anatomical Extent and Relations
The thoracic duct extends from the cisterna chyli in the abdomen to the left subclavian vein, passing through the diaphragm via the aortic hiatus. It ascends between the azygos vein and the descending aorta.
Tributaries and Lymphatic Drainage
- Cisterna chyli (origin)
- Intestinal and lumbar trunks (draining lower limbs and abdomen)
- Bronchomediastinal trunk (draining thoracic structures)
- Subclavian and jugular lymphatic trunks (draining upper limbs and head)
Clinical Significance
Damage to the thoracic duct can lead to chylothorax, a condition characterized by the accumulation of lymphatic fluid in the pleural cavity. Surgical procedures near the neck and thorax must account for the duct’s course to avoid complications.
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