Etiopathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management of Nasopharyngitis
Pathophysiology of Nasopharyngitis
Nasopharyngitis, or the common cold, is a viral infection affecting the nasopharynx, commonly seen in children. While symptoms are self-limiting, supportive care is crucial for recovery.
Etiopathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management of Nasopharyngitis
Introduction
Nasopharyngitis, commonly known as the common cold, is a viral infection affecting the upper respiratory tract, primarily the nasal passages and pharynx. It is a prevalent condition in pediatrics.
Pathophysiology of Nasopharyngitis
Nasopharyngitis is primarily caused by viruses, including rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, and adenoviruses. The infection leads to inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, causing symptoms such as nasal congestion, sore throat, and fever.
Clinical Features
- Nasal congestion and discharge
- Sneezing and coughing
- Sore throat
- Mild fever
- Fatigue and malaise
Management
Supportive Care
Since nasopharyngitis is viral, antibiotics are not required. Management focuses on symptom relief:
- Hydration and rest
- Antipyretics for fever
- Saline nasal drops
- Steam inhalation for nasal congestion
Prevention
- Hand hygiene to reduce viral transmission
- Avoiding close contact with infected individuals
- Immunization against influenza
Conclusion
Nasopharyngitis is a self-limiting condition that primarily affects children. While there is no specific treatment, supportive care ensures symptom relief and speedy recovery.
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