Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management of Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Pathogenesis and Disease Progression of AOM
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is an inflammatory condition of the middle ear, predominantly affecting children. The infection is often caused by bacterial pathogens and may require antibiotic treatment in severe cases.
Etiology, Pathogenesis, Clinical Features, and Management of Acute Otitis Media (AOM)
Pathogenesis and Disease Progression of AOM
Acute Otitis Media (AOM) is a common pediatric infection characterized by inflammation of the middle ear. It is primarily caused by bacterial pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis. The pathogenesis of AOM involves an upper respiratory tract infection that leads to Eustachian tube dysfunction, allowing pathogens to colonize the middle ear.
Clinical Features
- Ear pain (otalgia)
- Fever
- Otorrhea
- Irritability in children
Management
Management of AOM includes pain relief measures, antibiotics in specific cases, and watchful waiting for mild cases. First-line treatment typically involves amoxicillin unless contraindicated.
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