Endocrine Function Tests: Pituitary Function Tests

Introduction

The endocrine system plays a vital role in regulating various physiological processes, and its proper functioning is crucial for overall health. The pituitary gland, often referred to as the 'master gland,' produces hormones that influence growth, metabolism, and stress responses. This blog explores pituitary function tests, specifically those for Growth Hormone (GH), Prolactin, and Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH).

Growth Hormone (GH) Testing

Growth Hormone (GH) is essential for development and metabolism. GH levels are assessed using:

• GH Stimulation Test: Evaluates deficiencies by stimulating GH release using agents like insulin or clonidine.
• GH Suppression Test: Used for detecting excess GH production, particularly in acromegaly.

Prolactin Testing

Prolactin regulates lactation and reproductive functions. Elevated levels may indicate prolactinomas or other endocrine disorders. Testing includes:

• Serum Prolactin Test: Determines prolactin levels in the blood.
• Dynamic Testing: Evaluates prolactin response using TRH stimulation.

ACTH Testing

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) regulates cortisol production. Abnormal ACTH levels are associated with conditions like Addison's disease and Cushing's syndrome. Common tests include:

• ACTH Stimulation Test: Measures adrenal response to synthetic ACTH.
• Dexamethasone Suppression Test: Assesses cortisol regulation.

Conclusion

Pituitary function tests are essential for diagnosing endocrine disorders. Accurate assessment of GH, prolactin, and ACTH levels helps in understanding hormonal imbalances and guiding appropriate treatment strategies.