Diagnostic Tests: Complete Blood Count and Stool Examination

Stool Examination - Types of Tests and Their Importance

Stool examination is a crucial diagnostic tool in pathology, helping identify infections, digestive disorders, and other gastrointestinal conditions. Various tests analyze stool samples to detect abnormalities, pathogens, and digestive efficiency.

Types of Stool Tests

• Microscopic Examination: Identifies parasites, ova, and abnormal cells.
• Chemical Tests: Detects occult blood, fat content, and pH levels.
• Microbiological Culture: Identifies bacterial infections like Salmonella and Shigella.
• Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT): Screens for hidden blood, indicating possible colorectal cancer.
• Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR): Detects viral and bacterial DNA for precise diagnosis.

Importance of Stool Examination

Stool tests help diagnose infections, inflammatory bowel diseases, malabsorption syndromes, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Early detection through stool analysis can prevent complications and guide effective treatment.

Preparation and Collection

Proper sample collection is essential for accurate results. Patients should follow guidelines, including avoiding certain foods and medications before testing.

Interpreting Results

Results vary based on the test type. Normal findings indicate a healthy digestive system, while abnormal results may require further investigation and treatment.