Common Adolescent Eating Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa

Diagnosis and Assessment Criteria for Bulimia Nervosa

Bulimia nervosa is a serious psychiatric condition characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors such as vomiting, excessive exercise, or fasting. Proper diagnosis requires a comprehensive assessment using established medical criteria.

Diagnostic Criteria

• Recurrent binge eating episodes marked by a feeling of loss of control.
• Compensatory behaviors to prevent weight gain, such as self-induced vomiting, laxative misuse, or excessive exercise.
• Episodes occurring at least once a week for three months.
• Self-esteem influenced excessively by body shape and weight.
• Absence of anorexia nervosa.

Assessment Methods

• Clinical Interviews: Structured psychological interviews evaluate eating behaviors and associated emotional distress.
• Physical Examination: Assessment of dental erosion, electrolyte imbalances, and gastrointestinal complications.
• Psychological Questionnaires: Standardized tools such as the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q).
• Laboratory Tests: Blood tests may reveal metabolic disturbances or electrolyte imbalances linked to purging behaviors.

Conclusion

Early recognition and diagnosis of bulimia nervosa are essential for effective treatment and recovery. Clinicians must employ a comprehensive assessment approach to ensure accurate identification and personalized care.