Hyperemia: Definition and Types of Congestion

Hyperemia refers to an excess of blood within the blood vessels of an organ or tissue. It is classified into two types: active and passive hyperemia.

Types of Hyperemia

Active Hyperemia

Also known as arterial hyperemia, active hyperemia occurs when there is increased blood flow due to enhanced metabolic activity, such as during exercise or inflammation.

Passive Hyperemia

Passive hyperemia, or venous congestion, results from impaired blood flow due to venous obstruction, commonly seen in conditions like heart failure or liver cirrhosis.

Clinical Significance

Hyperemia plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological conditions. Understanding its mechanisms aids in diagnosing circulatory disorders.