Acute and Chronic Inflammation

Definition and Differences Between Acute and Chronic Inflammation

Inflammation is the body's defense mechanism against harmful stimuli, including pathogens, damaged cells, and irritants. It is classified into two main types: acute and chronic inflammation.

Acute Inflammation

Acute inflammation is a rapid immune response to injury or infection, characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain. It involves the activation of immune cells such as neutrophils and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Chronic Inflammation

Chronic inflammation persists over a long period and is linked to various conditions like autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. Unlike acute inflammation, it involves prolonged immune cell activation, often leading to tissue damage.

Key Differences

• Duration: Acute inflammation lasts for a short period, whereas chronic inflammation is long-term.
• Immune Cells Involved: Acute inflammation predominantly involves neutrophils, while chronic inflammation includes macrophages, lymphocytes, and fibroblasts.
• Effects on Tissue: Acute inflammation promotes healing, whereas chronic inflammation can result in tissue damage and fibrosis.