Cystic Diseases of the Kidney
Medullary Sponge Kidney: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
Medullary Sponge Kidney is a congenital renal disorder characterized by cystic dilation of collecting ducts, leading to nephrolithiasis and other complications.
Cystic Diseases of the Kidney: Medullary Sponge Kidney
Pathophysiology
Medullary Sponge Kidney (MSK) is a congenital disorder characterized by cystic dilation of the collecting ducts in the renal medulla. This condition leads to abnormal calcium deposition and an increased risk of nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis.
Clinical Manifestations
- Hematuria
- Urinary tract infections
- Nephrolithiasis
- Flank pain
Diagnosis
MSK is often diagnosed through imaging studies such as intravenous pyelography and CT scans, which reveal characteristic cystic abnormalities in the renal medulla.
Treatment
Management focuses on preventing complications and maintaining kidney function. Hydration, pain management, and addressing urinary tract infections are crucial aspects of treatment.
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