Anatomical Basis of Clinical Features of Erb's Palsy and Klumpke's Paralysis

Introduction

Erb's palsy and Klumpke's paralysis are neurological disorders resulting from brachial plexus injuries, each presenting distinct clinical features.

Erb's Palsy

Pathophysiology

Caused by injury to the C5-C6 nerve roots, often due to trauma or birth-related complications.

Clinical Presentation

• Waiter's tip deformity (arm adducted, internally rotated, and forearm pronated)
• Weakness in shoulder abduction and external rotation
• Loss of sensation along the lateral arm

Klumpke's Paralysis

Pathophysiology

Caused by damage to the C8-T1 nerve roots, commonly from traction injuries.

Clinical Features

• Claw hand deformity due to intrinsic muscle paralysis
• Horner's syndrome (ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis in severe cases)
• Sensory deficits along the medial forearm and hand

Conclusion

Understanding the anatomical basis helps in accurate diagnosis and management of these conditions.