Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Treatment Approaches for Deviated Nasal Septum (DNS)

Introduction

A deviated nasal septum (DNS) is a common condition in otorhinolaryngology, characterized by the displacement of the nasal septum, leading to potential nasal obstruction and other complications.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with DNS often present with the following symptoms:

• Difficulty breathing through the nose
• Nasal congestion and obstruction
• Recurrent sinus infections
• Snoring and sleep disturbances
• Frequent headaches and facial pain

Diagnostic Evaluation

Diagnosis of DNS involves a thorough clinical examination along with imaging techniques:

• Physical examination using anterior rhinoscopy
• Nasal endoscopy for detailed assessment
• CT scan for evaluating extent of deviation

Treatment Approaches

Management of DNS depends on severity and symptom burden:

• Conservative management: nasal decongestants, antihistamines
• Surgical intervention: Septoplasty for structural correction
• Additional treatments for associated conditions like allergic rhinitis

Complications and Prognosis

Untreated or improperly managed DNS can lead to complications including:

• Chronic sinusitis
• Middle ear infections due to Eustachian tube dysfunction
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Persistent facial pain and headaches

Prognosis is generally favorable with timely diagnosis and appropriate intervention, particularly when surgical correction is indicated.

Conclusion

DNS can significantly impact nasal airflow and quality of life. Early recognition and appropriate management strategies help mitigate complications and improve patient outcomes.