Clinical Features, Investigations, and Management of Vasomotor Rhinitis

Introduction

Vasomotor rhinitis is a non-allergic form of rhinitis characterized by nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and postnasal drip. It is often triggered by environmental factors like temperature changes, strong odors, and stress. Understanding its epidemiology, risk factors, and management is crucial for effective treatment.

Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Vasomotor rhinitis affects millions worldwide and is more common in adults than children. Risk factors include:

• Exposure to irritants (smoke, pollution, perfumes)
• Hormonal changes
• Emotional stress
• Consumption of hot or spicy foods

Clinical Features

Patients often present with symptoms such as:

• Persistent nasal congestion
• Watery rhinorrhea
• Postnasal drip
• Intermittent sneezing

Investigations

Diagnosis is primarily clinical, supported by a detailed history and exclusion of allergic causes. Common investigations include:

• Nasal endoscopy
• Skin or blood allergy tests (to rule out allergic rhinitis)
• CT scan for chronic cases

Management

Treatment is aimed at symptom relief and includes:

• Avoidance of triggers
• Intranasal corticosteroids
• Antihistamines (non-sedative)
• Saline nasal irrigation

Conclusion

Although vasomotor rhinitis is not life-threatening, it significantly impacts the quality of life. Proper diagnosis and tailored management can help alleviate symptoms effectively.