Clinical Features and Diagnosis of Dietary Iron Deficiency

Symptoms and Signs of Iron Deficiency Anemia

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) occurs when the body lacks sufficient iron to produce hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying component of red blood cells. It is a common condition that can have profound effects on overall health.

Common Symptoms

• Fatigue and weakness
• Pale skin and mucous membranes
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness and headaches
• Cold hands and feet
• Unusual cravings for non-nutritive substances (pica)

Clinical Diagnosis

Diagnosis of IDA involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Some key tests include:

• Complete Blood Count (CBC)
• Serum Ferritin Test
• Serum Iron and Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC)
• Peripheral Blood Smear

Management and Prevention

IDA can be managed and prevented through dietary modifications, iron supplementation, and treatment of underlying causes.

• Increase consumption of iron-rich foods such as red meat, leafy greens, and legumes
• Vitamin C intake to enhance iron absorption
• Regular health screenings to detect early signs