Causes of Partial or Complete Loss of Teeth and Associated Oral Structures

Side Effects of Medical Treatments: Radiation & Chemotherapy

Medical treatments such as radiation therapy and chemotherapy, while lifesaving, can have significant effects on oral health. These treatments often impact the teeth, gums, and surrounding structures.

Effects of Radiation Therapy

• Xerostomia (Dry Mouth): Radiation can damage salivary glands, reducing saliva production and increasing the risk of tooth decay.
• Osteoradionecrosis: Bone tissue damage leading to loss of jawbone integrity and tooth stability.
• Soft Tissue Fibrosis: Causes limited mouth movement and oral discomfort.

Effects of Chemotherapy

• Mucositis: Inflammation and ulceration of oral mucosa, leading to pain and difficulty in eating.
• Changes in Taste: Temporary or permanent alterations in taste perception.
• Increased Risk of Infections: Reduction in white blood cells can make the mouth susceptible to infections.

Preventive Measures and Management

To minimize the adverse effects, patients undergoing these treatments should take preventive measures such as:

• Regular dental check-ups to monitor oral health.
• Using fluoride treatments to strengthen enamel.
• Maintaining oral hygiene with antimicrobial mouthwashes.
• Hydration and saliva substitutes to combat dry mouth.

Being proactive in oral care can help patients retain their dental health and improve their overall quality of life during and after treatment.