Boundaries and Recesses of the Lesser and Greater Sac

Anatomical Boundaries of the Lesser Sac

The lesser sac (also known as the omental bursa) is an essential component of the peritoneal cavity, located posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum. It plays a crucial role in providing mobility to the stomach and adjacent structures.

Boundaries of the Lesser Sac

• Anterior boundary: Formed by the stomach, lesser omentum, and gastrocolic ligament.
• Posterior boundary: Formed by the pancreas, left kidney, and suprarenal gland.
• Superior boundary: The liver, particularly the caudate lobe.
• Inferior boundary: The transverse colon and mesocolon.
• Left boundary: The spleen and its ligaments.
• Right boundary: The epiploic foramen (Foramen of Winslow), the key communication between the greater and lesser sac.

Recesses of the Lesser Sac

• Superior recess: Extends upwards toward the diaphragm, bordered by the liver.
• Inferior recess: Found between the layers of the greater omentum.
• Splenic recess: Situated near the spleen, bordered by the gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments.

The Greater Sac and Its Connection

The greater sac constitutes the main portion of the peritoneal cavity. It connects with the lesser sac via the epiploic foramen, facilitating movement of fluids and structures within the peritoneal cavity.

Clinical Relevance

The boundaries and recesses of the lesser sac are essential in surgical interventions such as gastric surgeries and pancreatic resections. Understanding its anatomical landmarks helps in preventing inadvertent damage to adjacent structures.