Prophylactic Therapy for Migraine

Beta-Blockers in Migraine Prevention

Migraine is a debilitating neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headaches, often accompanied by nausea, photophobia, and phonophobia. Prophylactic therapy aims to reduce the frequency and severity of migraine attacks, and beta-blockers have been widely used as an effective preventive treatment.

Mechanism of Action

Beta-blockers modulate the vascular and neuronal pathways implicated in migraine pathophysiology. They primarily act by stabilizing sympathetic nervous system activity and inhibiting cortical spreading depression.

Commonly Used Beta-Blockers

• Propranolol
• Atenolol
• Metoprolol

Dosage and Administration

Beta-blockers are typically initiated at low doses and titrated upwards based on patient response and tolerance. Regular monitoring is essential to optimize therapeutic outcomes.

Adverse Effects

Although beta-blockers are generally well-tolerated, they may cause bradycardia, fatigue, hypotension, and sleep disturbances.

Clinical Efficacy

Several clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of beta-blockers in migraine prevention, showing a reduction in headache frequency by up to 50% in some patients.