Benign and Malignant Bone Tumors

Introduction

Bone tumors can be classified as benign or malignant. While benign tumors do not spread and are usually not life-threatening, malignant bone tumors require extensive treatment such as radiotherapy.

Common Types of Malignant Bone Tumors

Osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone cancer, typically affecting adolescents. It often arises in the long bones, such as the femur or tibia.

Ewing Sarcoma

Ewing Sarcoma is a rare but aggressive tumor that affects the pelvis, femur, and other bones. It commonly occurs in children and young adults.

Chondrosarcoma

Chondrosarcoma is a cancer originating in cartilage cells, commonly found in adults. It grows slowly but requires specialized treatment.

Radiotherapy in Bone Tumors

Radiotherapy is a crucial treatment modality for malignant bone tumors. It is used post-surgery or in cases where surgery is not viable.

Indications for Radiotherapy

Unresectable tumors
Post-operative control to reduce recurrence
Pain management for metastatic bone cancer

Types of Radiotherapy

Common techniques include:

External Beam Radiotherapy: Delivers targeted radiation to tumor sites.
Proton Therapy: A precise treatment minimizing damage to surrounding tissues.