Special Radiographic Techniques for the Abdominopelvic Region

Barium Enema: Uses, Preparation, and Imaging Findings

The barium enema is a specialized radiographic technique used to evaluate the colon and rectum. It involves the introduction of barium sulfate contrast into the large intestine, followed by X-ray imaging to assess structural abnormalities.

Uses of Barium Enema

• Detection of colorectal abnormalities such as polyps, tumors, and strictures
• Evaluation of inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease
• Assessment of diverticular disease and volvulus

Preparation for Barium Enema

Proper bowel preparation is essential for accurate imaging. The preparation includes:

• Low-residue diet for 1-2 days before the procedure
• Administration of laxatives or enemas to cleanse the colon
• Fasting for several hours before the examination

Imaging Findings

Radiographic findings from a barium enema can indicate various conditions:

• Apple-core lesion: Suggestive of colorectal carcinoma
• Thumbprinting sign: Indicative of ischemic colitis
• Lead pipe colon: Characteristic of chronic ulcerative colitis
• Diverticula: Outpouchings seen in diverticular disease

Barium enema remains a valuable diagnostic tool, particularly in cases where colonoscopy is contraindicated or incomplete.