Assessment of Muscle Strength and Range of Motion

Introduction

Muscle strength and range of motion assessment are essential in general medicine, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation. Evaluating these aspects helps diagnose neuromuscular conditions and monitor patient recovery.

Grading System for Muscle Strength

Medical Research Council (MRC) Scale

The MRC scale is widely used for grading muscle strength:

• Grade 0: No contraction
• Grade 1: Flicker of contraction
• Grade 2: Active movement with gravity eliminated
• Grade 3: Active movement against gravity
• Grade 4: Active movement against resistance
• Grade 5: Normal muscle strength

Functional Grading

Functional grading assesses muscle performance in daily activities:

• Grade 0: Unable to perform movement
• Grade 1: Moves with difficulty
• Grade 2: Can complete movement partially
• Grade 3: Can complete movement fully
• Grade 4: Movement with resistance
• Grade 5: Normal function

Assessing Range of Motion (ROM)

Types of ROM

• Passive ROM: Movement assisted by an examiner
• Active ROM: Movement performed independently

Measurement Techniques

ROM is measured using tools like a goniometer and inclinometer to quantify the angles of joint movement.

Clinical Applications

Accurate muscle strength and ROM assessment aids in diagnosing conditions such as muscular dystrophy, stroke-related impairments, and spinal cord injuries.

Conclusion

Muscle strength and range of motion evaluation provide essential insights into neuromuscular function. Regular assessment allows better clinical decision-making and patient care.